小盒卡具是電解設備之一,而上壓板、下壓板又是小盒卡具中的關鍵件,其主要加工均為焊接加工。如單靠鉗工幫焊、焊工點焊、焊接、校正的工藝過程來生產,既不能滿足大批量生產的需求,又由于其焊接變形大,焊接質量不穩定,容易造成廢品。為了提高生產率,確保加工質量,故我們設計了一套專用工裝。
一、工(gong)藝分析
該壓板(ban)部件(jian)(jian)由上方套(tao)、側板(ban)、筋板(ban)、壓板(ban)4種零(ling)件(jian)(jian)組焊接而成(cheng)。從零(ling)件(jian)(jian)圖分(fen)析(xi),該零(ling)件(jian)(jian)是以側板(ban)上兩孔中心為基準,與上方套(tao)中心平行度誤差為0.3mm,決定(ding)(ding)采用定(ding)(ding)位銷定(ding)(ding)位來保(bao)證平衡(heng)度。
二(er)、工裝設計及工作(zuo)過程(cheng)
1.設計(ji)準則(ze):定位準確、結(jie)構簡(jian)單(dan)、操(cao)作方便,使用(yong)壽命長,易于維(wei)護
2.定位基(ji)準選(xuan)取:根據(ju)以(yi)上原(yuan)則(ze),為了方(fang)便零件的(de)拆裝,以(yi)兩側面側板大孔中(zhong)心(xin)線采用(yong)2個定位心(xin)軸來保證,上方(fang)套中(zhong)心(xin)可用(yong)2個半圓(yuan)槽來保證。
3.零件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)固定(ding)與(yu)(yu)拆卸(xie):因為電焊件(jian)(jian)容易產生變(bian)形,除(chu)用(yong)(yong)定(ding)位(wei)銷定(ding)位(wei),還可采用(yong)(yong)斜(xie)鐵(tie)鎖緊(jin)(jin)定(ding)位(wei),或螺栓、螺母鎖緊(jin)(jin)定(ding)位(wei),使側板(ban)與(yu)(yu)定(ding)位(wei)板(ban)貼合。如螺栓、螺母鎖緊(jin)(jin)定(ding)位(wei)方式定(ding)位(wei)準確(que),但拆卸(xie)不便(bian)、費時(shi),不利于(yu)批量生產。而(er)采用(yong)(yong)斜(xie)鐵(tie)方式定(ding)位(wei)既準確(que),零件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)拆卸(xie)也方便(bian)了,能大大提高生產效率,降低成本。
4.工(gong)裝的結構與組成(cheng):工(gong)裝由底座、側定(ding)位(wei)板、斜(xie)鐵、定(ding)位(wei)心軸、固定(ding)襯套、定(ding)位(wei)板、連接(jie)板、頂(ding)緊螺釘、弧形定(ding)位(wei)塊等組成(cheng)。
5.工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)使用(yong)方(fang)(fang)法:將(jiang)已加工(gong)(gong)好(hao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)放(fang)置在(zai)工(gong)(gong)作臺(tai)上(shang)(shang),先將(jiang)產品上(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)套與(yu)側(ce)板裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)一起(即將(jiang)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)套兩(liang)端(duan)塞入(ru)(ru)兩(liang)側(ce)側(ce)板孔內),再將(jiang)已裝(zhuang)(zhuang)好(hao)的(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)套部(bu)件(jian)放(fang)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)部(bu)的(de)(de)U形槽內,同時將(jiang)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)心軸從外向內插入(ru)(ru)立在(zai)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)兩(liang)側(ce)的(de)(de)側(ce)板孔內;用(yong)斜(xie)(xie)鐵使側(ce)板與(yu)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)具體固(gu)定(ding)(ding),再將(jiang)壓板放(fang)在(zai)圓弧定(ding)(ding)位(wei)塊(kuai)上(shang)(shang),端(duan)頭由定(ding)(ding)位(wei)板控(kong)制位(wei)置尺寸,最后將(jiang)筋板放(fang)入(ru)(ru)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)內一端(duan)以(yi)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)板固(gu)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)置尺寸,中(zhong)間用(yong)頂緊螺釘將(jiang)斜(xie)(xie)鐵頂在(zai)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)板上(shang)(shang),以(yi)確保定(ding)(ding)位(wei)準確。此(ci)時可進行(xing)電(dian)焊焊接,電(dian)焊后先將(jiang)斜(xie)(xie)鐵取(qu)出(chu),退出(chu)兩(liang)側(ce)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)銷,即可方(fang)(fang)便的(de)(de)取(qu)出(chu)小盒卡(ka)具。